feat: add equipment area grouping, criticality, and batch inspection

- Add area and criticality fields to Machine model with DB migration
- Add batch inspection endpoint (POST /inspections/batch) for area-wide inspection creation
- Rewrite MachineList with area grouping, criticality badges, and batch inspect button
- Update machine create/edit forms with area and criticality fields
- Update seed data with area/criticality values for all tenants

alembic/versions/e7f8a9b0c1d2_add_machine_area_criticality.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""add machine area and criticality fields
+
+Revision ID: e7f8a9b0c1d2
+Revises: d6e7f8a9b0c1
+Create Date: 2026-02-10 18:00:00.000000
+
+"""
+
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+revision: str = "e7f8a9b0c1d2"
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = "d6e7f8a9b0c1"
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.add_column("machines", sa.Column("area", sa.String(50), nullable=True))
+    op.add_column(
+        "machines",
+        sa.Column("criticality", sa.String(20), nullable=True, server_default="major"),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_machines_tenant_area", "machines", ["tenant_id", "area"])
+    op.create_index(
+        "ix_machines_tenant_criticality", "machines", ["tenant_id", "criticality"]
+    )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index("ix_machines_tenant_criticality", table_name="machines")
+    op.drop_index("ix_machines_tenant_area", table_name="machines")
+    op.drop_column("machines", "criticality")
+    op.drop_column("machines", "area")

dashboard/app/[tenant]/page.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 'use client';
 
 import { useState, useCallback } from 'react';
-import { useParams } from 'next/navigation';
+import { useParams, useRouter } from 'next/navigation';
 import { useMachines } from '@/lib/hooks';
 import { useToast } from '@/lib/toast-context';
 import { api } from '@/lib/api';
@@ -12,12 +12,15 @@ interface MachineForm {
   name: string;
   equipment_code: string;
   model: string;
+  area: string;
+  criticality: string;
 }
 
-const INITIAL_FORM: MachineForm = { name: '', equipment_code: '', model: '' };
+const INITIAL_FORM: MachineForm = { name: '', equipment_code: '', model: '', area: '', criticality: 'major' };
 
 export default function TenantDashboard() {
   const params = useParams();
+  const router = useRouter();
   const tenantId = params?.tenant as string;
   const { machines, isLoading, error, mutate } = useMachines(tenantId);
   const { addToast } = useToast();
@@ -39,6 +42,8 @@ export default function TenantDashboard() {
       name: machine.name,
       equipment_code: machine.equipment_code,
       model: machine.model || '',
+      area: machine.area || '',
+      criticality: machine.criticality || 'major',
     });
     setShowModal(true);
   }, []);
@@ -59,6 +64,8 @@ export default function TenantDashboard() {
         name: form.name.trim(),
         equipment_code: form.equipment_code.trim(),
         model: form.model.trim() || null,
+        area: form.area.trim() || null,
+        criticality: form.criticality,
       };
 
       if (editTarget) {
@@ -77,6 +84,20 @@ export default function TenantDashboard() {
     }
   }, [form, tenantId, editTarget, mutate, closeModal, addToast]);
 
+  const handleBatchInspect = useCallback(async (area: string, machineIds: string[]) => {
+    if (!confirm(`"${area}" 구역의 설비 ${machineIds.length}대에 대해 일괄 검사를 시작하시겠습니까?`)) return;
+    try {
+      const result = await api.post<{ created_count: number; message: string }>(
+        `/api/${tenantId}/inspections/batch`,
+        { machine_ids: machineIds, area },
+      );
+      addToast(result.message, 'success');
+      router.push(`/${tenantId}/inspections`);
+    } catch {
+      addToast('일괄 검사 생성에 실패했습니다. 해당 설비에 연결된 검사 템플릿이 있는지 확인해주세요.', 'error');
+    }
+  }, [tenantId, addToast, router]);
+
   const handleDelete = useCallback(async (machine: Machine) => {
     if (!confirm(`"${machine.name}" 설비를 삭제하시겠습니까?`)) return;
     try {
@@ -129,6 +150,7 @@ export default function TenantDashboard() {
           tenantId={tenantId}
           onEdit={openEdit}
           onDelete={handleDelete}
+          onBatchInspect={handleBatchInspect}
         />
       )}
 
@@ -173,6 +195,28 @@ export default function TenantDashboard() {
                   disabled={submitting}
                 />
               </div>
+              <div className="form-field">
+                <label>구역 (Area)</label>
+                <input
+                  type="text"
+                  placeholder="예: Bay 3, A라인"
+                  value={form.area}
+                  onChange={(e) => setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, area: e.target.value }))}
+                  disabled={submitting}
+                />
+              </div>
+              <div className="form-field">
+                <label>중요도</label>
+                <select
+                  value={form.criticality}
+                  onChange={(e) => setForm((prev) => ({ ...prev, criticality: e.target.value }))}
+                  disabled={submitting}
+                >
+                  <option value="critical">Critical (핵심)</option>
+                  <option value="major">Major (주요)</option>
+                  <option value="minor">Minor (보조)</option>
+                </select>
+              </div>
               <div className="modal-actions">
                 <button type="button" className="btn-outline" onClick={closeModal} disabled={submitting}>
                   취소

dashboard/app/globals.css

@@ -2416,3 +2416,79 @@ a {
     grid-template-columns: 1fr;
   }
 }
+
+/* ===== Machine Grouping ===== */
+.machine-list-container {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 32px;
+}
+
+.machine-group {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 16px;
+}
+
+.machine-group-header {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  padding-bottom: 8px;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--md-outline-variant);
+}
+
+.machine-group-title {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 18px;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  color: var(--md-on-surface);
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.machine-group-title .material-symbols-outlined {
+  color: var(--md-primary);
+  font-size: 24px;
+}
+
+.machine-count {
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: var(--md-on-surface-variant);
+  font-weight: 400;
+}
+
+.machine-card-top {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+}
+
+.machine-badge {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 2px 8px;
+  border-radius: var(--md-radius-sm);
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
+}
+
+.machine-badge-critical {
+  background: rgba(217, 48, 37, 0.1);
+  color: var(--md-error);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(217, 48, 37, 0.2);
+}
+
+.machine-badge-major {
+  background: rgba(249, 171, 0, 0.1);
+  color: #e65100;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(249, 171, 0, 0.2);
+}
+
+.machine-badge-minor {
+  background: var(--md-surface-container-highest);
+  color: var(--md-on-surface-variant);
+  border: 1px solid var(--md-outline-variant);
+}

dashboard/components/MachineList.tsx

@@ -1,61 +1,156 @@
 'use client';
 
 import { useRouter } from 'next/navigation';
-import type { Machine } from '@/lib/types';
+import type { Machine, Criticality } from '@/lib/types';
 
 interface MachineListProps {
   machines: Machine[];
   tenantId: string;
   onEdit: (machine: Machine) => void;
   onDelete: (machine: Machine) => void;
+  onBatchInspect?: (area: string, machineIds: string[]) => void;
 }
 
-export function MachineList({ machines, tenantId, onEdit, onDelete }: MachineListProps) {
+const CRITICALITY_ORDER: Record<string, number> = {
+  critical: 0,
+  major: 1,
+  minor: 2,
+};
+
+const getCriticalityScore = (c: Criticality | null) => {
+  if (!c) return 3;
+  return CRITICALITY_ORDER[c] ?? 3;
+};
+
+export function MachineList({ machines, tenantId, onEdit, onDelete, onBatchInspect }: MachineListProps) {
   const router = useRouter();
 
+  const groupedMachines = machines.reduce((acc, machine) => {
+    const area = machine.area || '미지정';
+    if (!acc[area]) {
+      acc[area] = [];
+    }
+    acc[area].push(machine);
+    return acc;
+  }, {} as Record<string, Machine[]>);
+
+  const sortedAreas = Object.keys(groupedMachines).sort((a, b) => {
+    const machinesA = groupedMachines[a];
+    const machinesB = groupedMachines[b];
+
+    const hasCriticalA = machinesA.some(m => m.criticality === 'critical');
+    const hasCriticalB = machinesB.some(m => m.criticality === 'critical');
+
+    if (hasCriticalA && !hasCriticalB) return -1;
+    if (!hasCriticalA && hasCriticalB) return 1;
+
+    return a.localeCompare(b);
+  });
+
+  sortedAreas.forEach(area => {
+    groupedMachines[area].sort((a, b) => {
+      const scoreA = getCriticalityScore(a.criticality);
+      const scoreB = getCriticalityScore(b.criticality);
+      return scoreA - scoreB;
+    });
+  });
+
+  const getBadgeClass = (criticality: Criticality | null) => {
+    switch (criticality) {
+      case 'critical': return 'machine-badge-critical';
+      case 'major': return 'machine-badge-major';
+      case 'minor': return 'machine-badge-minor';
+      default: return null;
+    }
+  };
+
+  const getBadgeText = (criticality: Criticality | null) => {
+    switch (criticality) {
+      case 'critical': return '핵심';
+      case 'major': return '주요';
+      case 'minor': return '보조';
+      default: return null;
+    }
+  };
+
   return (
-    <div className="machine-grid">
+    <div className="machine-list-container">
-      {machines.map((machine) => (
+      {sortedAreas.map(area => (
-        <div key={machine.id} className="machine-card">
+        <div key={area} className="machine-group">
-          <div
+          <div className="machine-group-header">
-            className="machine-card-body"
+            <h2 className="machine-group-title">
-            onClick={() => router.push(`/${tenantId}/machines/${machine.id}`)}
+              <span className="material-symbols-outlined">location_on</span>
-          >
+              {area} <span className="machine-count">({groupedMachines[area].length}대)</span>
-            <div className="machine-card-icon">
+            </h2>
-              <span className="material-symbols-outlined">precision_manufacturing</span>
+            {onBatchInspect && (
-            </div>
+              <button
-            <div className="machine-card-info">
+                className="btn-outline btn-sm"
-              <h3 className="machine-card-name">{machine.name}</h3>
+                onClick={() => onBatchInspect(area, groupedMachines[area].map(m => m.id))}
-              <span className="machine-card-code">{machine.equipment_code}</span>
+              >
-              {machine.model && (
+                <span className="material-symbols-outlined">playlist_add_check</span>
-                <span className="machine-card-model">{machine.model}</span>
+                구역 전체 검사
-              )}
+              </button>
-            </div>
+            )}
-            <div className="machine-card-meta">
-              <div className="machine-card-parts">
-                <span className="material-symbols-outlined">settings</span>
-                <span>부품 {machine.parts_count}개</span>
-              </div>
-            </div>
           </div>
-          <div className="machine-card-actions">
+          <div className="machine-grid">
-            <button
+            {groupedMachines[area].map((machine) => (
-              className="btn-icon"
+              <div key={machine.id} className="machine-card">
-              onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); onEdit(machine); }}
+                <div
-              title="수정"
+                  className="machine-card-body"
-            >
+                  onClick={() => router.push(`/${tenantId}/machines/${machine.id}`)}
-              <span className="material-symbols-outlined">edit</span>
+                >
-            </button>
+                  <div className="machine-card-top">
-            <button
+                    <div className="machine-card-icon">
-              className="btn-icon btn-icon-danger"
+                      <span className="material-symbols-outlined">precision_manufacturing</span>
-              onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); onDelete(machine); }}
+                    </div>
-              title="삭제"
+                    {machine.criticality && (
-            >
+                      <span className={`machine-badge ${getBadgeClass(machine.criticality)}`}>
-              <span className="material-symbols-outlined">delete</span>
+                        {getBadgeText(machine.criticality)}
-            </button>
+                      </span>
+                    )}
+                  </div>
+                  
+                  <div className="machine-card-info">
+                    <h3 className="machine-card-name">{machine.name}</h3>
+                    <span className="machine-card-code">{machine.equipment_code}</span>
+                    {machine.model && (
+                      <span className="machine-card-model">{machine.model}</span>
+                    )}
+                  </div>
+                  <div className="machine-card-meta">
+                    <div className="machine-card-parts">
+                      <span className="material-symbols-outlined">settings</span>
+                      <span>부품 {machine.parts_count}개</span>
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <div className="machine-card-actions">
+                  <button
+                    className="btn-icon"
+                    onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); onEdit(machine); }}
+                    title="수정"
+                  >
+                    <span className="material-symbols-outlined">edit</span>
+                  </button>
+                  <button
+                    className="btn-icon btn-icon-danger"
+                    onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); onDelete(machine); }}
+                    title="삭제"
+                  >
+                    <span className="material-symbols-outlined">delete</span>
+                  </button>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            ))}
           </div>
         </div>
       ))}
+      {sortedAreas.length === 0 && (
+        <div className="empty-state">
+          <span className="material-symbols-outlined">precision_manufacturing</span>
+          <p>등록된 설비가 없습니다.</p>
+        </div>
+      )}
     </div>
   );
 }

dashboard/lib/types.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ export interface Token {
   user: User;
 }
 
+export type Criticality = 'critical' | 'major' | 'minor';
+
 export interface Machine {
   id: string;
   tenant_id: string;
@@ -30,6 +32,8 @@ export interface Machine {
   manufacturer: string | null;
   installation_date: string | null;
   location: string | null;
+  area: string | null;
+  criticality: Criticality | null;
   rated_capacity: string | null;
   power_rating: string | null;
   description: string | null;

scripts/seed.py

@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "AMAT Centura 5200",
             "manufacturer": "Applied Materials",
             "location": "클린룸 Bay 3",
+            "area": "Bay 3",
+            "criticality": "critical",
             "rated_capacity": "200mm 웨이퍼",
             "power_rating": "30kW",
             "description": "화학기상증착 장비. SiO2, Si3N4 박막 증착용.",
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "LAM 9600",
             "manufacturer": "Lam Research",
             "location": "클린룸 Bay 5",
+            "area": "Bay 5",
+            "criticality": "critical",
             "rated_capacity": "200mm 웨이퍼",
             "power_rating": "25kW",
             "description": "건식 식각 장비. Poly-Si, Metal 식각용.",
@@ -100,6 +104,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "Ulvac SH-450",
             "manufacturer": "ULVAC",
             "location": "클린룸 Bay 7",
+            "area": "Bay 7",
+            "criticality": "major",
             "rated_capacity": "Ti/TiN 300mm",
             "power_rating": "20kW",
         },
@@ -111,6 +117,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "두산 LYNX 220",
             "manufacturer": "두산공작기계",
             "location": "1공장 A라인",
+            "area": "A라인",
+            "criticality": "major",
             "rated_capacity": "최대 가공경 220mm",
             "power_rating": "15kW (주축 모터)",
             "description": "2축 CNC 선반. 알루미늄/스틸 가공용.",
@@ -121,6 +129,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "현대위아 HF-500",
             "manufacturer": "현대위아",
             "location": "1공장 B라인",
+            "area": "B라인",
+            "criticality": "critical",
             "rated_capacity": "500톤",
             "power_rating": "37kW",
         },
@@ -130,6 +140,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "화낙 ARC Mate 120",
             "manufacturer": "FANUC",
             "location": "2공장 용접 셀 1",
+            "area": "용접 셀",
+            "criticality": "major",
             "rated_capacity": "6축 120kg 가반하중",
             "power_rating": "6kVA",
         },
@@ -141,6 +153,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "Custom Reactor 5000L",
             "manufacturer": "한화솔루션 엔지니어링",
             "location": "1플랜트 반응 구역",
+            "area": "반응 구역",
+            "criticality": "critical",
             "rated_capacity": "5,000L (SUS316L)",
             "power_rating": "22kW (교반기)",
             "description": "교반식 배치 반응기. HCl 합성 공정.",
@@ -151,6 +165,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "Sulzer Packed Tower",
             "manufacturer": "Sulzer",
             "location": "1플랜트 분리 구역",
+            "area": "분리 구역",
+            "criticality": "critical",
             "rated_capacity": "처리량 2,000 kg/h",
             "power_rating": "리보일러 150kW",
         },
@@ -160,6 +176,8 @@ MACHINES = {
             "model": "Alfa Laval M10-BW",
             "manufacturer": "Alfa Laval",
             "location": "1플랜트 유틸리티",
+            "area": "유틸리티",
+            "criticality": "minor",
             "rated_capacity": "열전달 500kW",
             "power_rating": "펌프 7.5kW",
         },

src/api/inspections.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from src.database.models import (
     InspectionRecord,
     InspectionTemplate,
     InspectionTemplateItem,
+    Machine,
 )
 from src.auth.models import TokenData
 from src.auth.dependencies import require_auth, verify_tenant_access
@@ -28,6 +29,11 @@ class InspectionCreate(BaseModel):
     template_id: str
 
 
+class BatchInspectionCreate(BaseModel):
+    machine_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None
+    area: Optional[str] = None
+
+
 class RecordInput(BaseModel):
     template_item_id: str
     value_numeric: Optional[float] = None
@@ -530,6 +536,103 @@ async def complete_inspection(
     }
 
 
+@router.post("/batch")
+async def batch_create_inspections(
+    body: BatchInspectionCreate,
+    tenant_id: str = Path(...),
+    current_user: TokenData = Depends(require_auth),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    verify_tenant_access(tenant_id, current_user)
+
+    if not body.machine_ids and not body.area:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="machine_ids 또는 area 중 하나를 지정해야 합니다.",
+        )
+
+    machine_stmt = select(Machine).where(Machine.tenant_id == tenant_id)
+    if body.machine_ids:
+        machine_stmt = machine_stmt.where(
+            Machine.id.in_([UUID(mid) for mid in body.machine_ids])
+        )
+    if body.area:
+        machine_stmt = machine_stmt.where(Machine.area == body.area)
+
+    machines_result = await db.execute(machine_stmt)
+    machines = machines_result.scalars().all()
+
+    if not machines:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail="해당하는 설비를 찾을 수 없습니다.",
+        )
+
+    machine_ids_set = {m.id for m in machines}
+
+    templates_stmt = (
+        select(InspectionTemplate)
+        .options(selectinload(InspectionTemplate.items))
+        .where(
+            InspectionTemplate.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            InspectionTemplate.is_active == True,
+            InspectionTemplate.subject_type == "equipment",
+            InspectionTemplate.machine_id.in_(machine_ids_set),
+        )
+    )
+    templates_result = await db.execute(templates_stmt)
+    templates = templates_result.scalars().all()
+
+    if not templates:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail="해당 설비에 연결된 활성 검사 템플릿이 없습니다.",
+        )
+
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    created_sessions = []
+
+    for template in templates:
+        if not template.items:
+            continue
+
+        session = InspectionSession(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            template_id=template.id,
+            inspector_id=UUID(current_user.user_id),
+            status="in_progress",
+            started_at=now,
+        )
+        db.add(session)
+        await db.flush()
+
+        for item in template.items:
+            record = InspectionRecord(
+                session_id=session.id,
+                template_item_id=item.id,
+            )
+            db.add(record)
+
+        created_sessions.append(
+            {
+                "id": str(session.id),
+                "template_id": str(template.id),
+                "template_name": str(template.name),
+                "machine_id": str(template.machine_id) if template.machine_id else None,
+                "items_count": len(template.items),
+            }
+        )
+
+    await db.commit()
+
+    return {
+        "status": "success",
+        "message": f"{len(created_sessions)}건의 검사가 생성되었습니다.",
+        "created_count": len(created_sessions),
+        "sessions": created_sessions,
+    }
+
+
 @router.delete("/{inspection_id}")
 async def delete_inspection(
     tenant_id: str = Path(...),

src/api/machines.py

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ from src.auth.dependencies import require_auth, verify_tenant_access
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/{tenant_id}/machines", tags=["machines"])
 
 
+VALID_CRITICALITIES = ("critical", "major", "minor")
+
+
 class MachineCreate(BaseModel):
     name: str
     equipment_code: str = ""
@@ -28,6 +31,8 @@ class MachineCreate(BaseModel):
     manufacturer: Optional[str] = None
     installation_date: Optional[str] = None
     location: Optional[str] = None
+    area: Optional[str] = None
+    criticality: str = "major"
     rated_capacity: Optional[str] = None
     power_rating: Optional[str] = None
     description: Optional[str] = None
@@ -40,6 +45,8 @@ class MachineUpdate(BaseModel):
     manufacturer: Optional[str] = None
     installation_date: Optional[str] = None
     location: Optional[str] = None
+    area: Optional[str] = None
+    criticality: Optional[str] = None
     rated_capacity: Optional[str] = None
     power_rating: Optional[str] = None
     description: Optional[str] = None
@@ -54,6 +61,8 @@ class MachineResponse(BaseModel):
     manufacturer: Optional[str] = None
     installation_date: Optional[str] = None
     location: Optional[str] = None
+    area: Optional[str] = None
+    criticality: Optional[str] = None
     rated_capacity: Optional[str] = None
     power_rating: Optional[str] = None
     description: Optional[str] = None
@@ -84,6 +93,8 @@ def _machine_to_response(m: Machine, parts_count: int = 0) -> MachineResponse:
         manufacturer=str(m.manufacturer) if m.manufacturer else None,
         installation_date=_format_ts(m.installation_date),
         location=str(m.location) if m.location else None,
+        area=str(m.area) if m.area else None,
+        criticality=str(m.criticality) if m.criticality else "major",
         rated_capacity=str(m.rated_capacity) if m.rated_capacity else None,
         power_rating=str(m.power_rating) if m.power_rating else None,
         description=str(m.description) if m.description else None,
@@ -136,6 +147,12 @@ async def create_machine(
         except ValueError:
             pass
 
+    if body.criticality not in VALID_CRITICALITIES:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail=f"criticality는 {', '.join(VALID_CRITICALITIES)} 중 하나여야 합니다.",
+        )
+
     machine = Machine(
         tenant_id=tenant_id,
         name=body.name,
@@ -144,6 +161,8 @@ async def create_machine(
         manufacturer=body.manufacturer,
         installation_date=install_dt,
         location=body.location,
+        area=body.area,
+        criticality=body.criticality,
         rated_capacity=body.rated_capacity,
         power_rating=body.power_rating,
         description=body.description,
@@ -202,6 +221,8 @@ async def get_machine(
         manufacturer=str(machine.manufacturer) if machine.manufacturer else None,
         installation_date=_format_ts(machine.installation_date),
         location=str(machine.location) if machine.location else None,
+        area=str(machine.area) if machine.area else None,
+        criticality=str(machine.criticality) if machine.criticality else "major",
         rated_capacity=str(machine.rated_capacity) if machine.rated_capacity else None,
         power_rating=str(machine.power_rating) if machine.power_rating else None,
         description=str(machine.description) if machine.description else None,
@@ -251,6 +272,15 @@ async def update_machine(
             pass
     if body.location is not None:
         machine.location = body.location
+    if body.area is not None:
+        machine.area = body.area
+    if body.criticality is not None:
+        if body.criticality not in VALID_CRITICALITIES:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=400,
+                detail=f"criticality는 {', '.join(VALID_CRITICALITIES)} 중 하나여야 합니다.",
+            )
+        machine.criticality = body.criticality
     if body.rated_capacity is not None:
         machine.rated_capacity = body.rated_capacity
     if body.power_rating is not None:

src/database/models.py

@@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ class Machine(Base):
     manufacturer = Column(String(100), nullable=True)
     installation_date = Column(TIMESTAMP(timezone=True), nullable=True)
     location = Column(String(200), nullable=True)
+    area = Column(String(50), nullable=True)  # 구역 그룹핑: Bay 3, A라인 등
+    criticality = Column(String(20), default="major")  # critical | major | minor
     rated_capacity = Column(String(100), nullable=True)
     power_rating = Column(String(100), nullable=True)
     description = Column(Text, nullable=True)
@@ -76,7 +78,11 @@ class Machine(Base):
         "EquipmentPart", back_populates="machine", cascade="all, delete-orphan"
     )
 
-    __table_args__ = (Index("ix_machines_tenant_id", "tenant_id"),)
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_machines_tenant_id", "tenant_id"),
+        Index("ix_machines_tenant_area", "tenant_id", "area"),
+        Index("ix_machines_tenant_criticality", "tenant_id", "criticality"),
+    )
 
 
 class EquipmentPart(Base):